{
  "id": "https://waingram.github.io/#waingram",
  "type": "researcher_profile",
  "last_updated": "2026-06-17",
  "identity": {
    "name": "William A. Ingram",
    "honorific_suffix": "Ph.D.",
    "email": "waingram@vt.edu",
    "url": "https://waingram.github.io/",
    "image": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/371268?v=4",
    "same_as": [
      "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-8844",
      "https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=L-R5NXwAAAAJ",
      "https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pid/271/4720.html",
      "https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57219743375",
      "https://www.linkedin.com/in/waingram/",
      "https://github.com/waingram",
      "https://bsky.app/profile/waingram.bsky.social"
    ],
    "positions": [
      {
        "title": "Associate Professor",
        "organization": "Virginia Tech"
      },
      {
        "title": "Associate Dean and Executive Director for IT",
        "organization": "Virginia Tech University Libraries"
      },
      {
        "title": "Director",
        "organization": "Center for Digital Research and Scholarship"
      }
    ],
    "education": [
      {
        "degree": "Ph.D.",
        "field": "Computer Science",
        "institution": "Virginia Tech",
        "year": 2026
      },
      {
        "degree": "M.S.",
        "field": "Library and Information Science",
        "institution": "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign",
        "year": 2008
      },
      {
        "degree": "B.A.",
        "field": "Cognitive Science",
        "institution": "University of Virginia",
        "year": 2005
      }
    ]
  },
  "research_identity": {
    "disciplines": [
      "Computer Science",
      "Information Science"
    ],
    "research_program": "Studies how scientific knowledge, research workflows, and scholarly artifacts become machine-usable resources for computational discovery, reasoning, and reuse.",
    "research_question": "How can scientific knowledge, research workflows, and scholarly artifacts be represented so that they can be discovered, interpreted, and reused by intelligent systems?",
    "machine_summary": "William A. Ingram studies machine-usable scientific knowledge across three connected layers: computational access to research collections, goal-conditioned interpretation of research contributions, and representation of methods and workflow-like knowledge for AI-assisted discovery.",
    "research_layers": [
      {
        "name": "Knowledge Access",
        "question": "How do machines find and retrieve research knowledge?",
        "methods": [
          "repository interoperability",
          "metadata standards",
          "ETD networks",
          "large-scale indexing",
          "document structure extraction",
          "summarization"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Knowledge Understanding",
        "question": "How do machines recognize what research contributes to a goal?",
        "methods": [
          "goal-conditioned evaluation",
          "large language models as evaluative functions",
          "classification",
          "retrieval evaluation",
          "scientific contribution modeling"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Knowledge Use",
        "question": "How can machines use research knowledge to support scientific work?",
        "methods": [
          "research process representation",
          "methodological context extraction",
          "workflow-like knowledge representation",
          "AI-assisted discovery"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "current_focus": [
      "machine-usable scientific knowledge",
      "scholarly AI",
      "scientific knowledge representation",
      "goal-conditioned evaluation",
      "research workflow extraction",
      "AI-assisted discovery",
      "retrieval-augmented scholarly systems",
      "Electronic Theses and Dissertations"
    ],
    "foundational_work": [
      "repository interoperability",
      "OAI-PMH",
      "Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations",
      "metadata standards",
      "digital libraries",
      "scholarly communication infrastructure"
    ]
  },
  "machine_readable_resources": {
    "human_research_page": "https://waingram.github.io/research/",
    "research_profile_json": "https://waingram.github.io/research.json",
    "projects_json": "https://waingram.github.io/projects.json",
    "grants_json": "https://waingram.github.io/grants.json",
    "publications_json": "https://waingram.github.io/publications.json",
    "knowledge_graph_jsonld": "https://waingram.github.io/knowledge-graph.jsonld"
  }
}